Ghazaros Aghayan (TAO: Ղազարոս Աղաեան, RAO: Ղազարոս Աղայան, April 5, 1840 - June 20, 1911) was an Armenian writer, educator, folklorist, historian, linguist and public figure.
Aghayan was born in Bolnis-Khachen, an Armenian village in Georgia. Throughout his life he pursued many careers and professions. He was a vagabond, a troubadour, a hunter, a factory worker and a farm labourer before he joined fellow writer Mikael Nalbandian in the Armenian cultural and intellectual revival of the 19th century. He died in Tiflis at the age of 71.
He is the maternal grandfather of Anatoliy Eiramdzhan and the father-in-law of the renowned painter Martiros Saryan.